materialSampleID recordNumber fieldNumber catalogNumber occurrenceID measurementMethod collectionCode institutionCode kingdom phylum class order family subfamily tribe genus scientificName subpecies scientificNameAuthorship identificationRemarks identifiedBy sex lifeStage occurrenceRemarks organismRemarks typeStatus MaterialSample associatedOccurrences associatedTaxa recordedBy eventDate eventID eventTime fieldNotes country/waterBody countryCode stateProvince county municipality verbatimLocality parentEventID decimalLatitude & decimalLongitude coordinatePrecision georeferenceSources verbatimElevation verbatimDepth habitat samplingProtocol dynamicProperties measurementDeterminedBy measurementDeterminedDate datasetName ANICT1485-11 11ANIC-07485 11ANIC-07485 ANIC Database No. 31 045636 1892228 BOLD:AAW1428 ANIC Australian National Insect Collection Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 ANIC Curators A C.E.Meyer, S.S.Brown 2001-04-10 Australia AU Queensland Murray Is., Torres Strait TACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTT Centre for Biodiversity Genomics 2011-06-22 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:ANICT,DS-ANIC,DS-ANIC1B,DS-ANICB,DS-ANICPR2,DS-DSDN1,DS-GCSUJ,DS-LEPMAY11,DS-MOB113,DS-NNLIST1 ANICT1486-11 11ANIC-07486 11ANIC-07486 ANIC Database No. 31 045637 1892229 BOLD:AAW1428 ANIC Australian National Insect Collection Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 ANIC Curators A C.E.Meyer, S.S.Brown 2001-04-10 Australia AU Queensland Murray Is., Torres Strait TACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTT Centre for Biodiversity Genomics 2011-06-22 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:ANICT,DS-ANIC,DS-ANIC1B,DS-ANICB2,DS-ANICPR2,DS-GCMAR,DS-MOB113 GBGL31969-19 MG887570 CJM2042 9771898 Mined from GenBank, NCBI Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 AATTAGGAAATCCAGGGTCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAATACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATCATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTGCTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTARAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCACCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCCGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTGTTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCGGGCGCCATCNCCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCNNCTGGGGGGGGNGANCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTTTGATTTTTTGG Mined from GenBank, NCBI 2019-02-07 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:GBAAR GBLN1067-07 AJ844899 AJ844899 657469 BOLD:AAW1428 Mined from GenBank, NCBI Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 Samoa WS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAA------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Mined from GenBank, NCBI 2011-07-22 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:GBAAD SAMOA056-17 CB_PES01 CB_PES01 CB_PES01 8338864 BOLD:AAW1428 CB_PES01 National University of Samoa Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 Morphology Claudia Bruschini adult leg C. Bruschini, V. Vaurasi, A. Timoteo 2017-06-02 Samoa WS Savaii Falealupo 17.0 TACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTT Centre for Biodiversity Genomics 2018-01-19 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:SAMOA SAMOA057-17 CB_PEU02 CB_PEU02 CB_PEU02 8338865 BOLD:AAW1428 CB_PEU02 National University of Samoa Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 Morphology Claudia Bruschini adult leg F. Enoka, C. Bruschini, A. Timoteo 2017-07-20 Samoa WS Upolu Tiavi 540.0 TACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTT Centre for Biodiversity Genomics 2018-01-19 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:SAMOA SAMOA058-17 CB_PEU03 CB_PEU03 CB_PEU03 8338866 BOLD:AAW1428 CB_PEU03 National University of Samoa Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 Morphology Claudia Bruschini adult leg F. Enoka, C. Bruschini, A. Timoteo 2017-07-20 Samoa WS Upolu Tiavi 491.0 TACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTT Centre for Biodiversity Genomics 2018-01-19 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:SAMOA SAMOA059-17 CB_PEAS04 CB_PEAS04 CB_PEAS04 8338867 BOLD:AAW1428 CB_PEAS04 National University of Samoa Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 Morphology Claudia Bruschini adult leg V. Pentateuch, C. Bruschini 2017-08-16 United States US American Samoa Tutuila Vatia 27.0 TACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTT Centre for Biodiversity Genomics 2018-01-19 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:DS-BLEPNAGA,DS-NABUT,DS-PANRL04A,SAMOA SAMOA142-17 CB_PEAS05 CB_PEAS05 8338950 BOLD:AAW1428 American Samoa Community College Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Cramer, 1779 Morphology Mark Schmaedick adult leg M. Schmaedick 2016-02-10 United States US American Samoa Tutuila Mapasagafou 224.0 TACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATTT Centre for Biodiversity Genomics 2018-01-23 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:DS-BLEPNAGA,DS-NABUT,SAMOA SAMPA2785-23 BC-MNHN-LEP03291 BC-MNHN-LEP03291 18382997 BOLD:AAW1428 Museum national d'Histoire naturelle Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Hypolimnas antilope shortlandica Alain Renevier-Faure female Adult Ex larva Alain Renevier Faure 2022-05-06 New Caledonia NC Noumea TTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTATT Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding 2023-09-13 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:SAMPA SAMPA2786-23 BC-MNHN-LEP03292 BC-MNHN-LEP03292 18382998 BOLD:AAW1428 Museum national d'Histoire naturelle Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Hypolimnas antilope shortlandica Alain Renevier-Faure female Adult Ex larva Alain Renevier Faure 2022-05-05 New Caledonia NC Noumea CTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTAT Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding 2023-09-13 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:SAMPA SAMPA2787-23 BC-MNHN-LEP03293 BC-MNHN-LEP03293 18382999 BOLD:AAW1428 Museum national d'Histoire naturelle Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Hypolimnas antilope shortlandica Alain Renevier-Faure female Adult Ex larva Alain Renevier Faure 2022-05-06 New Caledonia NC Noumea CTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTAT Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding 2023-09-13 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:SAMPA SAMPA2788-23 BC-MNHN-LEP03294 BC-MNHN-LEP03294 18383000 BOLD:AAW1428 Museum national d'Histoire naturelle Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Nymphalinae Junoniini Hypolimnas Hypolimnas antilope Hypolimnas antilope shortlandica Alain Renevier-Faure male Adult Ex larva Alain Renevier Faure 2022-05-07 New Caledonia NC Noumea CTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTACAACACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATGGTTATACCTATTATAATAGGAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTACCCCCATCATTAATATTACTGATTTCTAGAAGAATCGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACGGGATGAACAGTATACCCGCCCCTATCCTCAAATATTGCTCACGGAGGATCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTCTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCGATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATAATTAATATGCGAATTAATAACATATCACTTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATTAGTTTTATCTCTTCCCGTATTAGCAGGTGCCATCACCATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATATTAATACCTCATTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGGGGTGATCCCATTCTTTACCAACATTTAT Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding 2023-09-13 BOLD_DATASET_CODES:SAMPA